Cooperation Agreement In Chinese

the theme of the agreement is unique among the peaceful nuclear cooperation agreements concluded since the 1978 Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act. This is the first such agreement with a nuclear-weapon state; with a country that, until recently, did not support any non-proliferation action. Although the agreement was signed in April 1984, we had to resolve some issues relating to the implementation of China`s nuclear policy. These discussions concluded successfully last month. A major threat to our non-proliferation objectives is the potential of “maverick” suppliers to undermine the safeguards and other controls established by international cooperation and consensus. In the past, China has been concerned that it has not complied with this consensus and has not accepted other non-proliferation standards. [Added highlight] The discussion of this report focuses on the role of Congress in the development and implementation of the agreement. Such agreements are governed by Section 123 of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 as amended (AEA, P.L. 95-242, 42 U.S.C 2011 and beyond) and are commonly referred to as “123 agreements. 2 They are a prerequisite for any significant nuclear cooperation3 with another country, such as the export of nuclear power plants and components and the transfer of nuclear materials.4 Mark Hibbs, Addressing Risk in Chinese Nuclear Cooperation, The Hill, April 21, 2015 thehill.com/blogs/congress-Blog/homeland-security/239479-addressing-risk-in-chinese-nuclear-cooperation. The sale of four AP1000 reactors to China by Westinghouse in 2007 was announced for $8 billion. As part of an engineering and procurement agreement and a separate technology licensing agreement, “Westinghouse will provide nuclear fuel and essential safety components, as well as information on the design, operation and maintenance of the facilities,” said the law firm Baker Donelson, which represents the nuclear industry. The Obama administration presented Congress with the new U.S.-China nuclear cooperation agreement for the necessary review period. According to President Obama`s letter to Congress, the agreement meets all the conditions of the Atomic Energy Act5 and requires no derogation from the legal requirements.

As a result, the agreement could enter into force after a 30-day consultation period and a 60-day uninterrupted review period6, unless Congress has adopted a joint resolution of rejection. Congress also has the option of passing a joint authorization resolution with (or without) conditions, either autonomous laws that could approve or reject the agreement. All efforts by Congress to block the deal would be subject to a presidential veto. The agreement expired on July 31 at the end of the review period. In January 1983, U.S. officials negotiating a nuclear cooperation agreement with China associated possible U.S. nuclear exports to China with its nuclear proliferation practices, including Pakistan.69 Before reaching an agreement, Senators Gordon Humphrey, William Roth and William Proxmire wrote to Secretary of State George Shultz in December 1983.